Table 3 Physiological traits (Chl a, Chl b, carotenoids, proline, and glycinebetaine) of 21-day-old pea seedlings treated with NaCl and SWEs (S. vulgare, C. sinuosa, and P. pavonica) single and combined treatments. The values shown are average of three replicates ± standard deviation

Control

10.53 ± 0.25^c

4.50 ± 0.26^bc

3.27 ± 0.32 ^h

6.83 ± 0.15^ef

1.80 ± 0.19^ef

 50 mM NaCl

8.30 ± 0.36^f

3.70 ± 0.17^def

3.43 ± 0.25^gh

7.67 ± 0.21 ^cd

2.33 ± 0.21^c

 100 mM NaCl

6.57 ± 0.21 ^h

3.33 ± 0.21 ^fg

4.53 ± 0.21 ^cd

8.73 ± 0.25^b

3.19 ± 0.18^ab

 150 mM NaCl

5.40 ± 0.10ⁱ

3.03 ± 0.32 ^g

5.17 ± 0.25^ab

10.77 ± 0.21^a

3.55 ± 0.13^a

Sargussum vulgare

11.60 ± 0.20^a

4.83 ± 0.32^ab

4.27 ± 0.40^de

5.87 ± 0.15 ^g

1.83 ± 0.26^def

 S. vulgare + 50 mM NaCl

9.83 ± 0.15^d

4.17 ± 0.35 ^cd

3.77 ± 0.31^efgh

6.55 ± 0.16^ef

2.26 ± 0.29^c

 S. vulgare + 100 mM NaCl

8.13 ± 0.31^f

4.00 ± 0.26^de

4.60 ± 0.10 ^cd

7.70 ± 0.36^c

2.91 ± 0.20^b

 S. vulgare + 150 mM NaCl

6.53 ± 0.15^j

3.33 ± 0.21 ^fg

4.44 ± 0.20^d

9.07 ± 0.38^b

3.04 ± 0.32^b

Colpomenia sinuosa

11.10 ± 0.30^b

5.27 ± 0.15^a

4.23 ± 0.40^def

6.53 ± 0.42^ef

1.73 ± 0.08^f

 C. sinuosa + 50 mM NaCl

9.33 ± 0.21^e

4.10 ± 0.26 ^cd

3.73 ± 0.21^fgh

6.64 ± 0.39^ef

2.10 ± 0.21^cde

 C. sinuosa + 100 mM NaCl

7.40 ± 0.20 ^g

3.80 ± 0.26^def

4.68 ± 0.31^bcd

7.60 ± 0.53 ^cd

2.93 ± 0.21^b

 C. sinuosa + 150 mM NaCl

6.47 ± 0.31^j

3.53 ± 0.15^ef

5.27 ± 0.45^a

8.03 ± 0.48^c

3.13 ± 0.25^b

Pandia pavonica

11.23 ± 0.38^ab

5.07 ± 0.57^a

3.83 ± 0.35^efg

5.83 ± 0.23 ^g

1.71 ± 0.12^f

 P. pavonica + 50 mM NaCl

8.97 ± 0.21^e

3.93 ± 0.25^de

3.87 ± 0.21^efg

6.30 ± 0.46 ^fg

2.17 ± 0.12 ^cd

 P. pavonica + 100 mM NaCl

7.30 ± 0.46 ^g

3.86 ± 0.22^de

5.03 ± 0.47^abc

7.07 ± 0.74^de

2.88 ± 0.28^b

 P. pavonica + 150 mM NaCl

6.77 ± 0.25^j

3.33 ± 0.40 ^fg

5.20 ± 0.36^ab

7.61 ± 0.40 ^cd

3.09 ± 0.27^b

Significance

 Salinity (S)

1494.81 ***

64.48 ***

47.79 ***

110.24 ***

113.17 ***

 Seaweed extracts (SWEs)

9.67 ***

7.81 ***

4.06 *

48.66 ***

3.69 *

  (S × SWEs)

23.79 ***

0.63 ns

3.12 **

5.22 ***

0.68 ns