Morphological and cultural characteristics | ||||||||
Spore chain morphology | Spore surface ornamentation | Color of spore mass | Pigmentation of substrate mycelium | Diffusible pigment | ||||
Open spiral > 40 | spiny | grey | yellow | −ve | ||||
Physiological and biochemical characteristics | ||||||||
Melanin pigment production | Degradation activities | Chitin decomposition | Pectin decomposition | Nitrate reduction | H2S production | |||
Peptone iron | Tyrosine | Xanthine | Elastin | Arbutin | −ve | −ve | −ve | +ve |
−ve | −ve | +ve | −ve | +ve | ||||
Utilization of sugars | ||||||||
D-fructose | Sucrose | Rhamnose | D-mannitol | D-xylose | Raffinose | I-inositol | Galactose | L-arabinose |
−ve | +ve | +ve | +ve | +ve | +ve | +ve | +ve | +ve |