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Table 2 Comparative antimicrobial activity of in vivo and ex vitro Kaempferia angustifolia (ethanol extract) and silver nanoparticle against UTI clinical pathogen

From: Phytogenic silver nanoparticles from tissue-cultured Kaempferia angustifolia — an underutilized medicinal herb: a comparative antibacterial study on urinary pathogens

Antibacterial materials

Concentration

Zone of inhibition (mm)

Pathogenic bacteria

Isolate no. 42571

Isolate no. 42423

Isolate no. 42269

Isolate no.43164

Isolate no. 42230

Isolate no.42332

Isolate no. 43546

Plant extract (in vivo)

Ethanol extract (mg/ml)

0.75

8.56 ± 0.09

7.53 ± 0.04

7.56 ± 0.09

8.40 ± 0.00

6.16 ± 0.12

9.33 ± 0.12

7.10 ± 0.08

3.0

10.23 ± 0.20

10.1 ± 0.16

8.96 ± 0.04

10.06 ± 0.09

9.23 ± 0.09

10.96 ± 0.04

8.96 ± 0.04

6.0

10.56 ± 0.09

11.53 ± 0.04

10.56 ± 0.04

11.10 ± 0.08

10.56 ± 0.09

11.56 ± 0.04

9.66 ± 0.04

Plant extract (ex vitro)

Ethanol extract (mg/ml)

0.75

11.33 ± 0.04

10.53 ± 0.04

9.90 ± 0.08

10.23 ± 0.09

9.43 ± 0.09

10.00 ± 0.08

7.50 ± 0.00

3.0

13.90 ± 0.08

13.86 ± 0.09

11.03 ± 0.12

13.46 ± 0.04

11.10 ± 0.14

12.93 ± 0.04

9.06 ± 0.04

6.0

14.26 ± 0.12

15.13 ± 0.16

12.33 ± 0.20

14.03 ± 0.12

14.00 ± 0.08

14.03 ± 0.04

9.90 ± 0.08

Nanoparticle (μg/ml)

10

10.06 ± 0.09

12.4 ± 0.04

9.73 ± 0.04

11.40 ± 0.00

11.96 ± 0.12

11.30 ± 0.08

9.16 ± 0.09

25

12.86 ± 0.04

15.03 ± 0.01

11.63 ± 0.12

13.93 ± 0.04

15.90 ± 0.08

15.76 ± 0.12

11.83 ± 0.12

50

14.73 ± 0.16

16.60 ± 0.00

12.93 ± 0.04

15.10 ± 0.08

16.26 ± 0.12

16.93 ± 0.04

12.40 ± 0.12

Silver nitrate (μg/ml)

10

-

6.76 ± 0.06

-

-

7.4 ± 0.21

8.06 ± 0.09

-

20

5.46 ± 0.12

7.96 ± 0.03

5.83 ± 0.04

8.23 ± 0.24

8.3 ± 0.14

9.53 ± 0.30

-

50

6.96 ± 0.12

9.1 ± 0.04

7.13 ± 0.12

10.16 ± 0.23

9.13 ± 0.12

10.23 ± 0.16

5.46 ± 0.16

  1. Isolate no. 42571, Escherichia coli; isolate no. 42423, Escherichia coli; isolate no. 42269, Klebsiella pneumoniae; isolate no. 43164, Klebsiella pneumoniae; isolate no. 42230, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; isolate no. 42332, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; isolate no. 43546, Staphylococcus saprophyticus