Nitrogen deficiency regulates premature senescence by modulating flag leaf function, ROS homeostasis, and intercellular sugar concentration in rice during grain filling

Zakari, Shamsu Ado; Zaidi, Syed Hassan Raza; Sunusi, Mustapha; Dauda, Kabiru Dawaki

doi:10.1186/s43141-021-00275-3

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Table 2 Differences in carbon and nitrogen metabolites in rice flag leave with differential response to nitrogen level

From: Nitrogen deficiency regulates premature senescence by modulating flag leaf function, ROS homeostasis, and intercellular sugar concentration in rice during grain filling

Sampling period	Genotype (G)	N Level (N)	Sucrose (mg g⁻¹)	Fructose (mg g⁻¹)	Glucose (mg g⁻¹)	NSC (%)	Soluble protein	Leaf N content (%)	C/N ratio
0 DAA	Wildtype	HN	53.04±2.30a	56.31±2.25b	22.17±5.21a	16.39±2.07b	18.40±1.58a	5.84±0.54a	1.64±0.17ab
		MN	48.35±4.20a	56.30±1.00b	22.23±4.58b	16.25±1.04b	15.37±2.01b	4.96±0.31ab	1.77±0.21ab
		LN	42.47±4.13b	89.80±1.06a	30.99±5.36c	19.23±1.31a	10.76±2.23c	2.51±0.04b	2.10±0.24a
		Means	47.95B	67.14B	25.13B	16.834B	14.84A	4.43A	1.82ns
	psf	HN	60.17±3.78a	56.77±10.65b	27.41±6.13a	17.66±3.10c	17.17±1.11a	5.68±0.13a	1.57±0.35ab
		MN	52.32±3.01b	61.06±8.05b	32.64±2.85b	18.73±2.10b	17.32±2.21b	3.81±0.51b	2.11±0.21a
		LN	45.86±2.14c	95.97±12.86a	40.11±2.38c	20.78±2.05a	8.99±1.62c	2.02±0.008c	2.29±0.51a
		Means	52.78A	71.27A	33.38A	18.286A	14.49A	3.83AB	1.76ns
15 DAA	Wildtype	HN	30.70±4.51c	55.75±10.18c	20.67±3.09a	15.12±2.16a	15.17±4.01a	5.01±0.2a	1.66±0.21ab
		MN	34.03±1.08b	49.61±5.90b	20.21±3.21b	14.18±1.90ab	11.30±1.07b	3.86±0.1b	2.08±0.21a
		LN	45.77±1.60a	36.69±8.05a	25.61±2.41c	10.73±0.83b	5.41±0.91c	2.33±0.12c	2.39±0.32a
		Means	36.83B	47.35B	22.16B	13.21A	10.62B	3.73A	1.92ns
	psf	HN	40.20±1.73c	60.89±7.75a	22.54±7.03a	15.33±1.72a	16.97±1.60a	4.30±0.52a	1.77±0.48a
		MN	45.51±2.00b	55.02±12.25b	28.86±3.52b	11.10±2.38b	14.61±1.24b	3.19±0.8b	1.88±0.18a
		LN	48.32±2.71a	48.72±5.73c	32.90±1.42c	6.69±1.13c	8.98±1.18c	1.50±0.01c	2.01±0.27a
		Means	44.67A	54.88A	28.1A	11.04B	13.52A	3.00AB	1.85ns
30 DAA	Wildtype	HN	23.31±1.36b	50.19±10.14a	14.37±3.15a	13.44±1.91a	15.28±2.41a	3.63±0.04a	2.27±0.30b
		MN	25.44±2.32b	30.58±3.65b	18.69±1.20b	10.16±2.01b	9.72±1.00b	2.68±0.11b	2.29±0.34b
		LN	30.05±1.06a	15.12±6.02c	20.18±1.9bc	5.38±0.41c	6.10±0.37c	1.06±0.04c	3.17±0.19a
		Means	26.26B	31.96A	17.74B	9.81A	10.36A	2.457A	2.472A
	psf	HN	24.84±2.59c	31.58±7.86a	18.6±2.6a	12.03±2.19a	11.50±1.36a	2.82±0.02a	2.30±0.51b
		MN	30.03±2.01b	25.33±2.05b	22.36±2.84b	7.33±0.94b	7.32±0.71b	1.80±0.01b	2.70±0.34b
		LN	33.69±0.94a	14.97±1.45c	23.77±1.03c	4.39±0.64c	2.21±0.07c	0.81±0.04c	3.55±0.37a
		Means	29.52A	23.96B	21.57A	6.447B	7.01B	1.81B	1.80B
Means effect		Nitrogen	*	**	**	*	*	*	ns
Means effect		Genotype	*	*	**	*	ns	*	ns
Interaction		N*G	ns	*	*	ns	ns	*	ns

Different letters within the columns indicate a significant difference between nitrogen treatments for a genotype and mean values indicate a significant difference between the genotypes under all the treatments at p ≤ 0.05 level least significant difference (LSD)
DAA days after anthesis, HN high N, MN medium N, LN low N
** and * indicate the significance at the 0.01 and 0.05 level, respectively; NS means no significant difference based on the analysis of variance. Data are presented as means ± SD (n=3)

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