Table 4 Recombinant proteins produced in BEV for the development of new drugs or repurposing the existing drugs for COVID-19
Proteins | Modifications | Host Cells | Purification Method | Specific Applications | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nsp12 | Cleavage site and peptide tags added. | High Five | Size exclusion chromatography | In vitro polymerase inhibition assay | [113] |
Nsp12, spike protein and receptor binding domain | Cleavage site changed. Trimerization domain, sequence motifs and peptide tags added. Codon optimization. | High Five | Affinity and size exclusion chromatography | Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) | |
RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) complexes (nsp5, nsp7, nsp8, nsp10, nsp12 and nsp14) | Peptide tags, cleavage site, linker and sequence motifs added. Codon optimization. | Sf9 | Affinity and size exclusion chromatography | RNA synthesis assay | |
Nsp13 | Peptide tags added. Codon optimization. | Sf9 | Affinity chromatography | Helicase assay | [123] |
S1 | No modification. | Sf9/Tnao38 | Affinity chromatography | Platelet adhesion assay, In vitro thrombus formation and Flow cytometry measurement of fibrinogen binding. | [124] |
Nsp9 | Peptide tags added. Codon optimization. | Sf9 | Affinity chromatography | Gel based nsp9 cleavage assay | [125] |
papain-like protease (PLpro) | Peptide tags added. Codon optimization. | Sf9 | Not mentioned | Protease assay | [126] |
Spike protein and receptor binding domain | A trimerization domain added. Cleavage site added. | High Five | Not mentioned | ELISA | [115] |