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Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Table 1 Demographic and clinical parameters of the early versus late HCC patients

From: The role of BCL9 genetic variation as a biomarker for hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients

Parameters

HCC patients, N = 50

HCC stage

OR (95% CI)

Chi-square

P-value

Early stage, N = 25

Late stage, N = 25

Demographic data

Age (mean ± SD), years

63.14 ± 7.89

64.00 ± 8.54

62.28 ± 7.25

0.972 (0.903–1.045)

1.001

0.317

Gender, male, no. (%)

39 (78.0%)

15 (60.0%)

24 (96.0%)

0.063 (0.007–0.539)

9.441

0.002**

BMI (mean ± SD), kg/m2

25.75 ± 3.58

26.15 ± 3.96

25.36 ± 3.20

0.938 (0.799–1.102)

0.475

0.491

Laboratory investigation

Anti-bilharzial treatment

Yes

15 (30.0%)

4 (16.0%)

11 (44.0%)

0.242 (0.064–0.916)

4.667

0.031*

No

35 (75.0%)

21 (84.0%)

14 (56.0%)

Hb (mean ± SD), g/dl

12.76 ± 1.83

13.08 ± 1.15

12.46 ± 2.30

0.816 (0.585–1.138)

2.724

0.099

TLC (mean ± SD), 103/mm3

5.54 ± 2.33

5.17 ± 1.77

5.91 ± 2.76

1.155 (0.896–1.490)

0.462

0.497

PLT (mean ± SD), 103/mm3

140.54 ± 68.14

132.24 ± 61.83

148.84 ± 74.25

1.004 (0.995–1.012)

0.502

0.479

AST (mean ± SD), U/l

44.0 (34.0–77.0)

43.0 (36.0–64.0)

52.0 (34.0–82.0)

1.004 (0.986–1.022)

0.115

0.734

ALT (mean ± SD), U/l

39.0 (30.0–59.0)

38.0 (30.0–54.0)

48.0 (32.0–60.0)

1.007 (0.988–1.026)

0.780

0.377

Bil.T (mean ± SD), mg/dl

1.0 (0.8–1.4)

1.0 (0.7–1.3)

1.0 (0.9–1.6)

1.426 (0.521–3.907)

0.870

0.351

AFP, no. (%)

< 4.5

8 (16.0%)

3 (12.0%)

5 (20%)

1.000 (0.998–1.001)

0.122

0.702

≥ 4.5

42 (84.0%)

22 (88.0%)

20 (80%)

Creat (mean ± SD), mg/dl

1.01 ± 0.30

0.86 ± 0.19

1.15 ± 0.32

0.964 (0.623–1.489)

10.960

0.001**

HCC characteristics

BCLC

0

10 (20.0%)

10 (40.0%)

0 (0.0%)

–

50.000

0.001**

A

15 (30.0%)

15 (60.0%)

0 (0.0%)

C

21 (42.0%)

0 (0.0%)

21 (84.0%)

D

4 (8.0%)

0 (0.0%)

4 (16.0%)

F.H of HCC

Yes

8 (16.0%)

4 (16.0%)

4 (16.0%)

1.000 (0.220–4.536)

0.000

1.000

No

42 (84.0%)

21 (84.0%)

21 (28.0%)

Performance status

0

32 (64.0%)

25 (100.0%)

7 (28.0%)

0.242 (0.1333–0.443)

25.758

0.001**

< 1

1 (2.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (4.00%)

> 1

17 (34.0%)

0 (0.0%)

17 (68.0.0%)

Liver size

Average

24 (48.0%)

14 (56.0%)

10 (40.0%)

–

2.087

0.352

Enlarged

23 (46.0%)

9 (36.0%)

14 (56.0%)

Shrunken

3 (6.0%)

2 (8.0%)

1 (4.0%)

Child score

A

36 (72.0%)

24 (96.0%)

12 (48.0%)

26.000 (3.032–222.928)

14.286

0.001**

B

14 (28.0%)

1 (4.0%)

13 (52.0%)

Child grade

5.92 ± 0.57

5.36 ± 0.57

6.48 ± 1.19

3.817 (1.691–8.615)

12.585

< 0.001**

Number of focal lesions

Single

30 (60.0%)

14 (56.0%)

16 (64.0%)

0.716 (0.230–2.230)

3.406

0.182

Multiple

20 (40.0%)

11 (44.0%)

9 (36.0%)

Focal lesion size

3.45 (2.00–5.90)

2.24 ± 0.85

6.33 ± 3.64

3.103 (1.569–6.135)

21.677

< 0.001**

P.V.

Patent

42 (84.0%)

25 (100.0%)

17 (66.0%)

0.405 (0.280–0.584)

9.524

0.002**

Thrombosed

8 (16.0%)

0 (0.0%)

8 (32.0%)

Ascites

Yes

11 (22.0%)

2 (8.0%)

9 (36.0%)

0.155 (0.029–0.813)

5.711

0.017*

No

39 (78.0%)

23 (92.0%)

16 (64.0%)

 

Cirrhosis, no. (%)

50 (100%)

25 (50%)

25 (50%)

   
  1. The data were analyzed by the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square tests
  2. BMI body mass index, HB hemoglobin, TLC total leukocyte count, PLT platelet, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine transferase, Bili T bilirubin total, AFP alpha-fetoprotein, Creat creatinine, BCLC Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer, F.H family history, P.V portal vein, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval
  3. *P-value ≤ 0.05 significant
  4. **P-value ≤ 0.01 highly significant
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