Physical and mechanical cues affecting biomaterial-mediated plasmid DNA delivery: insights into non-viral delivery systems

Graceffa, Valeria

doi:10.1186/s43141-021-00194-3

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Table 4 Biomaterial stiffness and gene delivery. Research papers assessing the effect of biomaterial stiffness on non-viral-mediated gene delivery

From: Physical and mechanical cues affecting biomaterial-mediated plasmid DNA delivery: insights into non-viral delivery systems

Biomaterial	Cell type	Transfection system	Change in transfection efficiency	Ref.
MAP hyaluronic acid hydrogels of different stiffness	Human dermal fibroblasts	jetPEI®	Stiffer hydrogels resulted in a cumulative transgene expression (luminescence) of 2 × 10⁷. Softer hydrogels resulted in a cumulative transgene expression (luminescence) of 1 × 10⁷.	[185]
PLGA porous scaffolds of different stiffness	Human ADSCs	Chitosan polyplexes	Transgene expression was 2-fold higher in stiffer scaffolds, compared to soft ones.	[188]
Alginate gels of different stiffness, conjugated with RGDSP peptides substrates	murine preosteoblasts	PEI polyplexes	Transgene expression 4 times higher in stiffer substrates compared to soft ones.	[189]
Gelatin-coated silicone hydrogels of different stiffness	Human ADSCs	Nanolipoplexes added in the culture medium	Nanolipoplexes were more efficiently internalised in stiffer substrates (∼70 ng internalised per stiff scaffold, compared to 60 ng per soft scaffolds)	[190]
PEGDA hydrogels of different stiffness	NIH3T3 murine fibroblasts, BMSCs, and C2C12 skeletal myoblasts	PEI polyplexes	Stiffer hydrogels led to higher transgene production: 700 ng in stiff hydrogels and 400 ng in soft hydrogels, for fibroblasts. 200 ng in stiff hydrogels and 100 ng in soft hydrogels, for BMSCs. 100 ng in stiff hydrogels and ∼ 50 ng in soft hydrogels, for C2C21	[191]
Hyaluronic acid hydrogels of different stiffness	Murine MSCs	PEI polyplexes	Soft hydrogels led to a higher transgene expression (luminescence ∼ 5 × 10⁵), compared to stiff ones (luminescence ∼ 1 × 10⁵)	[161]
3D collagen-I-alginate hydrogels, of different stiffness and collagen: alginate ratios	Human BMSCs	3D-FectIN™ (OZ Biosciences)	Stiff hydrogels led to a 5,000-fold increase in transgene expression, compared to cells transfected using 2D systems. At collagen: alginate ratio (1:2), transgene expression in stiff hydrogels was 20-fold higher, than in soft ones.	[14]

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