Table 1 Analysis of volatile compounds produced by probiotic yeast strains
RT (min) | Compound name | Odor descriptiona | Percentage (%) yield | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P. kluyveri LKC17 | I. orientalis OSL11 | P. kudriavzevii OG32 | P. kudriavzevii ROM 11 | C. tropicalis BOM21 | |||
Acids | |||||||
4.72 | Dimethyl-propanoic acid | 1.79 ± 0.04 | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
22.12 | 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid | ND | 0.30 ± 0.00 | ND | ND | ND | |
22.83 | Decanoic acid | Fatty | ND | ND | ND | ND | 25.69 ± 3.01 |
25.86 | 9-Hexadecenoic acid | Fatty | ND | ND | 5.66 ± 0.31 | 3.17 ± 0.00 | ND |
26.22 | N-Hexadecanoic acid | Waxy fatty | 20.38 ± 3.21 | 9.67 ± 0.11 | 10.60 ± 2.33 | 9.49 ± 0.45 | 3.88 ± 0.00 |
26.52 | Octadecenoic acid | Fatty | 0.80 ± 0.00 | ND | ND | ND | ND |
28.54 | Erucic acid | 12.50 ± 1.48 | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
28.85 | Nonadecanoic acid | ND | ND | ND | 3.45 ± 0.00 | ND | |
Total acids (8) | 35.47 (4) | 9.97 (2) | 16.26 (2) | 16.11 (3) | 29.57 (2) | ||
Higher alcohols | |||||||
3.37 | 1-Phenyl-1propanol | Floral, balsamic | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0.40 ± 0.00 |
4.67 | Phenyl ethyl alcohol | Floral, rosey | ND | 27.51 ± 3.76 | 17.49 ± 1.04 | 17.38 ± 1.17 | 0.35 ± 0.00 |
18.99 | DL-3,4-Dimethyl-3-4-hexanediol | 0.67 ± 0.01 | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
19.00 | 1-Decanol | Fatty, floral, orange | ND | 0.39 ± 0.00 | ND | ND | ND |
21.30 | 2-Ethyl-1-decanol | ND | 0.21 ± 0.00 | 0.49 ± 0.00 | ND | 2.37 ± 0.23 | |
21.35 | 2-Hexyl-1-octanol | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
21.88 | 4-Piperidine methanol | 2.16 ± 0.42 | 1.02 ± 0.00 | ND | ND | 1.03 ± 0.00 | |
22.56 | 1-Heptadecanol | ND | ND | ND | ND | 8.29 ± 0.07 | |
23.59 | 1-Dodecanol | Fatty, honey, coconut | ND | 2.50 ± 0.01 | ND | ND | ND |
23.63 | Cis-1,2-cyclohexanediol | 1.22 ± 0.03 | ND | 2.52 ± 0.00 | ND | ND | |
27.15 | Nonacosanol | ND | ND | 0.49 ± 0.00 | ND | ND | |
27.17 | 1-Chloro-ethanol | ND | 0.26 ± 0.00 | ND | ND | ND | |
30.71 | 1-Pentacosanol | ND | 0.69 ± 0.00 | ND | ND | ND | |
31.42 | (S)-3,4-Dimethylpentanol | 0.32 ± 0.01 | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
Total alcohols (14) | 4.37 (4) | 32.58 (7) | 20.99 (4) | 17.38 (1) | 12.44 (5) | ||
Carbonyls | |||||||
22.32 | E-14-Hexadecenal | 4.64 ± 0.06 | 0.31 ± 0.01 | ND | ND | ND | |
23.13 | Cis-oxacyclohexadecan-2-one | 9.57 ± 0.71 | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
23.15 | Hexanal | ND | ND | ND | 8.27 ± 0.59 | ND | |
23.71 | Heptanal | 1.67 ± 0.00 | ND | ND | 1.50 ± 0.02 | ND | |
24.97 | Pyrrolo(1,2A)piperazine-1,4-dione | ND | 11.64 ± 0.64 | 6.76 ± 0.21 | 9.52 ± 0.00 | 19.28 ± 2.00 | |
25.00 | 1,2,5-Trimethyl-5-piperid-4-one | 10.07 ± 0.89 | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
25.11 | Cyclohexanone | ND | 6.12 ± 0.04 | 11.53 ± 4.00 | ND | ND | |
25.17 | 3-Buten-2-one | 5.63 ± 0.03 | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
25.88 | 2-Heptadecenal | 2.35 ± 0.10 | 5.25 ± 0.00 | ND | ND | ND | |
28.45 | E-11 Hexadecenal | ND | ND | ND | 15.89 ± 4.66 | ND | |
28.46 | 9-Octadecenal | ND | 14.02 ± 1.00 | 16.63 ± 3.11 | ND | ND | |
31.62 | Decanal | ND | 3.61 ± 0.07 | ND | ND | ND | |
31.78 | Dodecanal | 2.07 ± 0.05 | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
Total carbonyls (13) | 36.0 (7) | 40.95 (6) | 34.92 (3) | 35.18 (4) | 19.28 (1) | ||
Esters | |||||||
8.59 | 2-Phenylmethyl acetate | Honey, jasmine | 3.86 ± 0.00 | ND | ND | ND | ND |
23.12 | 1-Methylphenyl butanoate | Jasmin, Apricot | ND | 9.08 ± 0.84 | 10.17 ± 1.45 | ND | ND |
23.88 | Tetramethyl acetate | Waxy, fruity, balsamic | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2.18 ± 0.00 |
24.69 | Isoamyl decanoate | Waxy, banana, fruity | ND | 4.36 ± 0.20 | 4.51 ± 0.00 | ND | 7.89 ± 0.43 |
24.79 | 2-Bromo pentyl butanoate | Fruity | ND | ND | ND | 3.54 ± 0.28 | ND |
25.12 | 2-Hydroxy,pentyl propanoate | Fruity, apricot, pineapple | ND | ND | ND | 5.97 ± 0.11 | ND |
26.62 | 10-Undecen-1-yl hexanoate | 0.40 ± 0.00 | 0.32 ± 0.00 | ND | ND | ND | |
28.96 | 2-Ethyl octadecanoate | Waxy | 4.84 ± 0.02 | 1.93 ± 0.00 | 2.70 ± 0.00 | ND | ND |
36.03 | 4-Heptenoic acid ethyl ester | ND | ND | ND | 5.83 ± 0.11 | ND | |
Total esters (10) | 9.1 (3) | 15.69 (4) | 17.38 (3) | 15.34 (3) | 10.07 (2) | ||